Đặc điểm lâm sàng, phân bố loài và tình hình kháng thuốc của Candida spp. Gây nhiễm nấm huyết: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y dược thành phố Hồ Chí Minh năm 2024

Abstract

To describe the sdistribution of Candida bloodstream infections and antifungal resistance patterns at University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City in 2024, s retrospective descriptive case-series study was conducted. The results shown that total 7.3% positive for Candida spp are C. albicans (37.7%), C. glabrata (20.8%), C. tropicalis (16.9%), and C. parapsilosis (15.6%). Candidemia mainly occurred in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities, including hypertension (46.8%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (45.5%), and malignancy (33.8%). Major predisposing risk factors for candidemia were present in most patients, including central venous catheterization (81.8%), urinary catheterization (77.9%), parenteral nutrition (77.9%), mechanical ventilation (59.7%), hemodialysis (27.3%), and endotracheal intubation (26.0 The highest antifungal resistance rate was observed for fluconazole (23.1%), followed by voriconazole (9.9%) and amphotericin B (1.4%); no resistance to caspofungin or micafungin was detected. In conclusion Candida spp was the main cause of fungal bloodstream infections (C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, and C. parapsilosis) occurring in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities and major risk factors, including central venous catheterization, urinary catheterization, mechanical ventilation, hemodialysis, and endotracheal intubation. Antifungal resistance among Candida spp were fluconazole, followed by voriconazole and amphotericin B, while no resistance to caspofungin or micafungin was detected.