Đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng bệnh viêm xương tuỷ xương đường máu giai đoạn cấp tính ở trẻ em: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang tại Bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương

Abstract

Background: Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO) in children is a severe infectious disease for which early and accurate diagnosis is crucial. This study aimed to describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of this disease at the Vietnam National Children's Hospital. Subject and method: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 55 pediatric patients under 15 years of age diagnosed with and treated for acute AHO at the Vietnam National Children's Hospital from July 2019 to December 2021. Result: The 6-15 age group constituted 56.4% of patients. The main clinical symptoms at admission were limited movement (100%), limb swelling (98.2%), and pain (96.4%), with the most common sites of infection being the femur (52.8%) and tibia (43.6%). Positive rates for pus and blood cultures were 91.1% and 78.1%, respectively. Notably, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detected lesions in 96.4% of cases, while X-rays showed no abnormalities in 81.9% of patients. Conclusion: Acute AHO in children presents with typical clinical and paraclinical features. MRI is a diagnostic imaging tool of superior value compared to X-ray and should be indicated early for accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment.