Nghiên cứu các yếu tố liên quan đến tai biến và biến chứng trong phẫu thuật các bệnh lý tuyến giáp tại Khoa Phẫu thuật lồng ngực-Bệnh viện Trung ương 103 Quân đội nhân dân Lào trong thời gian 10 năm (2012-2021)

Abstract

Objective: To understand the risk factors associated with complications in surgery for thyroid diseases, provide intraoperative recommendations to decrease the rate of complications in thyroid surgery afterward. Subject and method: A prospective study combined with a retrospective study of all patients undergoing thyroid surgery at the Department of Thoracic Surgery - 103 Central Hospital - Lao People's Army for ten years. (2012-2021). Result: In a total of 2768 patients studied, the prevalence in women was higher than in men (7.6/1), and the average age was 31.25 ± 10.10. Intraoperative complications were 11 cases (0.4%), and complications after surgery were 214 cases (7.6%). Significant vascular injury in the neck was 5 cases (45.45%), and esophageal injury was 2 cases (18.18%). These complications are all related to surgery for advanced thyroid cancer. Factors related to postoperative bleeding complications: It was more common in men (60.9%), toxic goiter surgery (71.7%), and surgery for advanced-stage thyroid cancer (17.4%).  Factors related to hoarseness complications were surgery for recurrent goiter (42.85%) and surgery for advanced-stage thyroid cancer (42.85%). The factors associated with Tetany complications were near-total thyroidectomy (92%) and toxic goiter surgery (77.6%). Conclusion: Factors related to complications in surgery for thyroid diseases are common in patients undergoing surgery for goiter with large size, density, hardness, adhesion, invasion, recurrence, and advanced-stage thyroid cancer.