Đặc điểm tổn thương võng mạc mắt đái tháo đường ở bệnh nhân đái tháo đường tuýp 2 tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Thái Bình

Abstract

Objective: To study the characteristics of the diabetic retinopathy and some related factors in patients with type 2 diabetes. Subject and method: A cross-sectional descriptive study on 80 patients with type 2 diabetes to be examined and treated at the Internal Medicine Department of Thai Binh Medical University Hospital from January to December 2019. Result: The percentage of patients with damage to the retina accounts for 42.5%, of which, 38.8% were non-proliferative retinopathy, 17.5% were macular disease, 2.5% were pre-proliferative retinopathy and 1.2% were proliferative retinopathy. The risk of retinal damage increased higher in women than in men; the OR coeffecient of subgroups, namely age ≥ 70 years, diabetic duration ≥ 10 years, BMI ≥ 23 (kg/m²), hypertension, was 1.4; 2.5, 4.0, 4.5, 2.5, respectively. Patients with blood glucose ≥ 7mmol/L, HbA1c ≥ 7%, total cholesterol > 5.2mmol/L, triglyceride > 1.88mmol/L had higher risk of retinopathy with OR coefficient of 2.3, 2.5, 3.2, 2.0, respectively. Patients who were non-compliance with treatment had 3.8 times higher risk of retinopathy than those who complied with treatment. Conclusion: The percentage of patients with retinopathy was 42.5%, the risk of retinopathy increased in patients with one of the following characteristics: female, age ≥ 70 years, duration of diabetes ≥ 10 years, BMI ≥ 23 (kg/m²), hypertension, blood glucose concentration ≥ 7mmol/L, HbA1c ≥ 7%, cholesterol > 5.2mmol/L, triglyceride > 1.88mmol/L.