Nghiên cứu một số đặc điểm và kết quả điều trị rối loạn nồng độ natri và kali trong huyết thanh ở bệnh nhân có vết thương mạn tính

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the treatment outcome of disorders of serum sodium and postassium concentration in patients with chronic wounds. Subject and method: A prospective descriptive study was performed on thirty patients who aged over 16 years old with chronic wounds and disorders of serum sodium (Na⁺) and postassium (K⁺) concentration within 24 hours after hospitalization at Wound Healing Center of National Burn Hospital, from July 2019 to May 2020. These patients were received treatment for electrolyte disorders (Na⁺ and K⁺). We determined the concentration of Na⁺ and K⁺ in serum of these patient at T0 (on admission), T1 (When the concentration of Na⁺ and K⁺ returned to normal levels), T2 (24 hours after T1). We also determined the concentration of Na⁺ and K⁺ in wound exudate, which was obtained from Vacuum Assisted Closure (VAC). Result: The patients with chronic wounds and electrolyte disorders who usually had low concentration of Na⁺ (50%), low K⁺ was 26.67%, Na⁺ and K⁺ were both low of 13.33%. At T0, the average serum Na⁺ and K⁺ concentrations were 126.54 ± 7.92mmol/l and 2.23 ± 0.95mmol/l; the average exudate Na⁺ and K⁺ concentrations were 124.33 ± 5.71mmol/l and 2.18 ± 0.85mmol/l. The duration of treatment to return Na⁺ and K⁺ concentrations to normal were 1.54 ± 0.63 days and 1.77 ± 0.48 days. At T2, only 50% of patients had concentration of serum Na⁺ and K⁺ which were normal. We still found that 26.67% and 16.67% of patients with low serum Na⁺ and K⁺ concentrations. Conclusion: Electrolyte disturbances in patients with chronic wounds were usually low serum Na⁺ and/or K⁺ concentration.  Na+ and K+ concentration in exudate were nearly equal to those in serum. Electrolyte disturbances in patients with chronic wounds were easy to re-establish after treatment