Các yếu tố nguy cơ gây biến chứng suy thận cấp sau phẫu thuật

Abstract

Objective: To assess the incidence of complication of acute renal failure and to evaluate the risk factors of patient after surgery. Subject and method: A retrospective study was designed for surgical patients with age ≥ 18 years old according to data from the electronic payment portal database of the Vietnam National Insurance Agency from January 1, 2017 to September 31, 2018. We compared two patient groups with and without post optoperative acute renal failure complications. By using propensity score matching method and correction for risk factors for acute renal failure complications including age, sex, emergency status at hospitalization, comorbidity: Heart failure, heart valves, blood vessels peripheral, hemiplegia, chronic lung disease, diabetes, complicated diabetes, hypothyroidism, kidney failure, liver, cancer, metastatic cancer, joints, water and electrolyte disorders, anemia, shot weight and depression, we assessed the rate of hospital re-hospitalization and outpatient examination 30 days and 90 days after surgery. Result: During the 21 months of the study, 0.09% of patients who had surgery were identified as having postoperative complication of acute renal failure. Risk factors consist of peripheral vascular (OR = 4.91), amenia (OR = 4.86) and heart valves (OR = 2.2). The rate of re-admission after surgery in group with renal failure complication after 30 days and 90 days were 36.9% and 48.3%. Cancer patients with complications of acute renal failure had higher rates of re-admission after 30 days and 90 days with ORs of 3.94 and 3.43, respectively. Conclusion: Acute renal failure is a rare postoperative complication, but is the cause of death highly for patients after surgery. The risk factors for complications of renal failure were peripheral blood vessels (OR = 4.91), anemia (OR = 4.86), heart valves disease (OR = 2.2).