Nghiên cứu mối liên quan của thuốc kháng động kinh phenobarbital đến sa sút trí tuệ trên bệnh nhân động kinh cơn lớn vô căn người trưởng thành

Abstract

Objective: To assess the relation of phenobarbital drug to dementia in adult with grand mal seizure. Subject and method: Cross-sectional descriptive study in 100 adults with epileptic grand mal seizures. The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 was the patient who used phenobarbital at the local health service under the National Program; group 2 was those who received other anti-epileptic drugs taken at the Bach Mai Hospital. Each patient was examined for clinical and psychological tests to assess dementia. Result: The rate of dementia in patients taking phenobarbital was 36%, which 4.13 times higher than that of other anti-epileptic drugs (p=0.0243) (OR = 4.13, Cl: 1.47 - 11.56). Dementia was mainly concentrated in the age group of 18 - 40 years old with more than 90%. In the phenobarbital group, dementia was mainly seen in the patients having age of onset under 6 years old, accounting for 61.1%, which was 9.036 times higher than that of the other anti-epileptic drugs (p=0.01, OR = 9.036, Cl: 18 - 37.5). In patients with the disease duration over 5 years, dementia accounted for 43.8% in the phenobarbital group, 5.02 times higher than that in the other group (p=0.002, OR = 5.02, CI: 1.73 - 14.61). Conclusion: Dementia was 36% in patients taking phenobarbital and was 4.13 times higher than in other anti-epileptic drugs. Dementia was predominantly in the age onset group of less than 6 years of age, and also in this group, patients with phenobarbital had a higher incidence of dementia, 9 times higher than those in the other anti-epileptic drugs. Duration of disease over 5 years in the group of phenobarbital was 5 times higher rate of dementia than other anti-epileptic drugs.