ISSN: 1859 - 2872
Outcomes of esophageal stent placement in patients with inoperable esophageal cancer at Viet Duc University Hospital
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Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of palliative esophageal stent placement in patients with esophageal cancer who were not eligible for surgical treatment at Viet Duc University Hospital between January 2020 and June 2024. Subject and method: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 28 patients diagnosed with inoperable esophageal cancer who underwent esophageal stent placement. Clinical effectiveness, complications, and overall survival were collected and analyzed. Result: The overall procedural outcome was favorable in 18 out of 28 patients (64.3%). The most commonly used stent length was 11cm (28.6%), followed by 13cm (25.0%), while the least used was 17cm (10.7%). The mean dysphagia score decreased by 2.00 ± 0.61 points (p<0.0001). Chest pain was the most common early complication, occurring in 78.6% of patients. One patient (6.5%) experienced vomiting, and one patient developed post-procedural bleeding. The most frequent late complication was persistent chest pain (50.0%), whereas stent obstruction was the least common (7.1%). The mean overall survival was 4.3 ± 3.4 months, ranging from 15 days to 14 months. Patients with stage IIIA-IIIB disease had a longer median survival (6.3 months) compared to those with stage IVA-IVB (2.8 months), with a statistically significant difference (p=0.004). Conclusion: Esophageal stent placement is an effective and safe palliative treatment for patients with advanced esophageal cancer who are not candidates for surgery, significantly improving dysphagia and quality of life. However, the complication rate-particularly chest pain-remains relatively high, and overall survival is still limited, largely depending on disease stage. Appropriate patient selection and optimization of multimodal treatment strategies may further improve outcomes in this patient population.
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