ISSN: 1859 - 2872
Preoperative factors associated with post-liver transplantation infections
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Abstract
Objective: To describe the characteristics of infections after liver transplantation and to identify preoperative factors associated with early postoperative infections. Subject and method: A retrospective study was conducted on 80 liver transplant recipients at the 108 Military Central Hospital between January 2023 and December 2024. Result: The incidence of post-liver transplantation infection was 41.3%, with a mean onset time of 12 days after surgery. The most common infection sites were respiratory tract infections (45.4%), intra-abdominal infections (33.3%), and bloodstream infections (27.3%). Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 70.7% of isolates, predominantly Klebsiella pneumoniae (22.0%), Escherichia coli (14.6%), and Acinetobacter baumannii (13.9%). Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 29.3%, with Enterococcus faecium being the most frequent (17.1%), followed by Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus epidermidis (4.4% each). Hepatic encephalopathy (OR 3.1; p=0.03), pretransplant plasma exchange therapy (OR 3.9; p=0.005), poor nutritional status assessed as SGA B or C (OR 2.6, p=0.03), and pretransplant infection (OR 3.9; p=0.01) were independently associated with post-transplant infection. Conclusion: Post-liver transplantation infections remain common and are closely associated with severe pretransplant disease status. Optimization and targeted management of preoperative risk factors may help reduce infection rates and improve post-transplant outcomes
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References
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