Clinical and paraclinical characteristics and early outcomes of endovascular treatment using drug-eluting stents for chronic lower extremity peripheral arterial disease at Thong Nhat Hospital

Tóm tắt

Background: Chronic lower extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) has shown a rising trend in both patient prevalence and lesion complexity. This situation underscores an urgent need for effective, minimally invasive, and widely applicable therapeutic strategies. Among the available treatment modalities, the interventional drug-eluting stent placement is increasingly recognized by many studies for its effectiveness and safety in this group of patients. Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics, paraclinical characteristics and early results of the group of patients with chronic lower extremity peripheral arterial disease treated with endovascular therapy using drug-eluting stent placement at Thong Nhat Hospital. Subjects and methods: A case series study on 35 patients diagnosed with chronic lower extremity peripheral arterial disease who underwent endovascular therapy with drug-eluting stent placement at the Department of Thoracic Cardiology, Thong Nhat Hospital from January 2022 to June 2024. Results: The average age in the study was 73.9 ± 10.1 years old. Most patients were male (71.4%). Cardiovascular risk factors were all high, of which hypertension and lipid metabolism disorders were the most common (97.1% and 100%). Intermittent claudication symptoms according to Rutherford III classification using the highest rate (37.1%). On Doppler ultrasound sonography of the lower extremity arteries, the complete occlusion of a blood vessel accounted for a large proportion (74.3%). The technical success rate was 100%, all lesions were passed. The most used method of vascular closure is by automatic suturing device (74.3%). The mean intervention time was 118 ± 44 minutes, with a gradual increase in time according to the complexity of the lesion. There were 4 cases of post-interventional complications (11.4%), with no systemic complications related to the intervention recorded. The most used site for drug-eluting stent placement is the superficial femoral artery (40%). Conclusion: The application of drug-eluting stents in the treatment of chronic lower extremity peripheral arterial disease brings good initial results, even in complex cases with many risk factors.