Giá trị của nội soi nhuộm màu và nội soi dải ánh sáng hẹp trong chẩn đoán ung thư sớm và tiền ung thư dạ dày

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the value of chromoendoscopy and narrow band imaging (NBI) in diagnosis of gastric cancer and precancerous lesions. Subject and method: A total of 200 patients with localized gastric lesions identified through conventional endoscopy at 108 Military Central Hospital between January 2018 and January 2023 were included in the study. Procedures were performed according to standard protocols. Histopathological results were compared with endoscopic diagnoses. Result: The lesion location at the lesser curvature and the antrum accounted for 70%, the pylorus was 19%. Lesion size < 2cm accounted for over 80%, of which size < 1cm was the majority (51%). Lesions with unclear boundaries had a rate of 51%, blurry boundaries were 26%, and clear boundaries were 23%. In 46 patients with clear lesion boundaries, homogeneous surface microstructure damage accounted for 10.8%, heterogeneous 21.7%, and loss of surface structure was 67.5%. Combining chromo endoscopy and narrow-band imaging endoscopy helps detect early cancer and pre-cancer at a rate of 94.2%, of which early cancer was 42.9%, high-grade dysplasia was 34.2%, low-grade dysplasia, accounting for 17.1%. Conclusion: Chromo endoscopy and narrow-band imaging endoscopy techniques are valuable in diagnosing early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions. These techniques can be widely applied in clinical practice.