ISSN: 1859 - 2872
Value of Mallampati grade and some risk factors in prediction of hypoxia during deep sedation gastrointestinal endoscopy
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Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the value of Mallampati grade (MMP) and some risk factors in prediction of hypoxia during deep sedation for gastrointestinal endoscopy. Subject and method: In a descriptive study, the endpoint was the incidence of hypoxia defined as pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) < 95% for 10 seconds. A total of 266 patients admitted to Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Department, 108 Military Central Hospital from June 2023 to October 2023 for deep sedation gastrointestinal endoscopy were studied. All patients’ characteristics including age, body mass index (BMI), neck circumference, mouth opening, thyromental distance, sternomental distance and MMP were measured. Patients were divided into hypoxia and non-hypoxia groups based on the SpO2. Result: 17 of 266 patients (6.4%) developed hypoxia, which occurred more frequently in the older group (p<0.01). On regression analysis, the odds ratios (OR) for developing hypoxia were: Age ≥ 60 years (OR = 7.7; p<0.01); MMP III and IV (OR = 4.3; p=0.007); BMI ≥ 23 (OR = 2.86, p=0.003); mouth opening ≤ 4.5cm (OR = 5.03; p=0.02); sternomental distance ≤ 13.5cm (OR = 13.87; p=0.001). No significant correlation was observed between neck circumference or thyromental distance and hypoxia. Conclusion: Age ≥ 60 years, BMI ≥ 23, mouth opening ≤ 4.5cm, sternomental distance ≤ 13.5cm, MMP III and IV were significant risk factors for hypoxia. This combination may allow to anticipate, manage, and consequently decrease the occurrence of hypoxia.
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References
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