Nghiên cứu tác động của tình trạng suy yếu đến các biến cố bất lợi trong thời gian nằm viện ở bệnh nhân cao tuổi mắc hội chứng động mạch vành cấp

Abstract

Objective: To describe frailty ratio according to the Canadian Clinical Frail Scale (CFS) and its association with hospital adverse outcomes in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome. Subject and method: Observational study, conducted from February 2021 to September 2022, at Vietnam Heart Institute, Bach Mai Hospital. Patients over 60 years old, diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome, meeting selection criteria were assessed for frailty using CFS scale and monitored for adverse events. Adverse events during hospital stay included: Death, stroke, acquired pneumonia, arrhythmia, and severe bleeding. Net adverse clinical events (NACE) are defined as the composite of death, stroke, and major bleeding. Result: Study included 145 patients, average age was 72.68 ± 6.28 years. The frailty ratio was 36.55%. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (80.0%), diabetes (33.10%), heart failure (15.86%), dyslipidemia (13.10%), and history of stroke (10.34%). Compared with non-frailty patients, frailty group had significantly higher risk of adverse outcomes during hospital stay (OR = 2.32; CI 95%: 1.08-5.01) and higher risk of Net adverse clinical events -NACE (OR = 5.27, CI 95%: 1.28-21.65). Conclusion: Frailty ratio is quite high, accounting for 36.55% of elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome according to the CFS scale. This study demonstrated that frailty is a significant risk factor for hospital adverse outcomes in elderly patients with acute coronary syndromes.