Thực trạng sử dụng kháng sinh trên bệnh nhân sơ sinh tại một số bệnh viện trên địa bàn tỉnh Vĩnh Phúc

Abstract

Objective: To describe the current pattern of antibiotic use in neonatal sepsis at three hospitals in Vinh Phuc province. Subject and method: A retrospective study that was carried out on 478 medical records in 2021. Result and conclusion: There were 389 patients (81.6%) with a diagnosis of infection, including 352 with early-onset neonatal sepsis (73.6%) and 126 with late-onset neonatal sepsis (26.4%). The proportion of microbiological cultures was very low (6.7%), and these tests were mainly indicated at Vinh Phuc Obstetrics and Children's Hospital. Antimicrobial monotherapy was the most common regimen (65.5%) in both early- and late-onset neonatal sepsis (63.9% and 69.8%). Among them, ampicillin/sulbactam was the most frequent regimen used for both types of neonatal sepsis. In terms of antibiotic dosage, nearly half of the dosing regimens were inappropriate. Regarding ampicilin and sulbactam, only 21.5% of patients were prescribed an appropriate dose. The percentage of correct administration was about 50%, and the reasons for inappropriateness were inadequate volumes, shorter infusion times, and higher infusion rates than recommended. Therefore, it is necessary to develop local guidelines on the selection, dosage, and administration of antibiotics for early- and late-neonatal sepsis at the three studied hospitals. At the same time, in order to improve the quality of antibiotic use, microbiological testing should also be performed more regularly in neonates.