Đối chiếu kết quả tế bào học theo hệ thống Bethesda với mô bệnh học ung thư tuyến giáp tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108

Abstract

Objective: To compare the cytological diagnosis according to the 2018 Bethesda classification with the histopathology of thyroid carcinoma at 108 Military Central Hospital. Subject and method: 529 cases were diagnosed with preoperative cytology and post-operative histopathological results at 108 Military Central Hospital as thyroid carcinoma from January 2020 to April 2021. The cytological diagnosis was according to the 2018 Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology. The histopathological classification was according to the 2017 World Health Organization classification of thyroid neoplasms. Result: The rate of thyroid carcinoma in females/males was 4/1. The tumor was common in the right lobe (42.9%) and rare in the isthmus (6.4%), with the average tumor size being 1.1 ± 0.9cm and 66.2% of the cases were less than 1cm. The diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma was mainly found in the groups of Bethesda V and VI, with 47.1% and 29.6% of the cases, respectively. The Bethesda I group with tumor size < 0.5cm accounted for the highest proportion, with 55.6% of the tumors, and the Bethesda II group with ≥ 2 neoplasms had a rate of 63.6%. The diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma was more common in group V (48.5%), followed by group VI (30.1%), while the number of follicular thyroid carcinoma in group IV was the highest (53.8%). None of the follicular carcinoma belongs to groups II and VI. Cytological classification with small-size tumors tend to be higher in a malignant group compared with tumor groups with larger sizes. Conclusion: The cytological diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma was found mainly in groups V and VI, with the papillary being the most common type. The follicular thyroid carcinoma, on the other hand, was commonly found in group IV. Cytological classification for thyroid gland in a benign and malignant group has statistically significant differentiation in tumor sizes.