Đánh giá độc tính viêm niêm mạc miệng do xạ trị ngoài ung thư vòm hầu

Abstract

Objective: In this study, we aimed at evaluating the frequency and potential risk factors affecting acute radiation-induced oral mucositis in nasopharyngeal cancer. Subject and method: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Between February and October 2022, one hundred twenty six patients with nasopharyngeal cancer stage I to IVa received radical external radiation therapy with or without concurrent chemoradiotherapy. They were evaluated for mucositis toxicity according to the NCI-CTC 4.0 every week from the start of radiation therapy. The variables related to the patient and the stage of the disease, the treatment method are recorded through the medical records. Result: All patient developed oral mucositis (grade 1 in 25.4%, grade 2 in 68.3% and grade 3 in 6.3%). Most cases of oral mucositis manifested from the second week, gradually increased in grades and frequency towards the last weeks of radiation therapy. In our study, neither patient-related factors such as age, gender, smoking status, diabetes mellitus, BMI before treatment, stage nor treatment-related factors such as concurrent chemoradiotherapy, oral cavity mean dose, oral cavity max dose, mean dose of both parotids were related with radiation-induced oral mucositis. In contrast, this study found that the rate of grade 3 oral mucositis in 3D radiation technique was higher than in the IMRT group (p=0.003) and body weight loss over 5% was the risk factor for severe oral mucositis (p=0.021). Conclusion: Oral mucositis is the acute toxicity seen in most patients receiving external radiation therapy for nasopharyngeal cancer. Radiotherapy technique and body weight loss are two factors that influence the grade of mucositis in nasopharyngeal cancer.