Nghiên cứu mối liên quan giữa tình trạng sarcopenia và kết cục bất lợi ở người cao tuổi

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the association between sarcopenia (diagnosed according to AWGS 2019) and some adverse health outcomes in the elderly living in District 9, Ho Chi Minh City, after six months of follow-up. Subject and method: A prospective cohort study of two study groups (584 elderly ≥ 60-year-olds) with and without sarcopenia and recorded adverse outcomes after six months (death, hospitalization, falls). The period from 10/2020–06/2021. Result: The average age of the study sample was 69.57 ± 7.25 years, 30% of men. The proportion of severe sarcopenia, sarcopenia, and non-sarcopenia were: 4.97%, 48.63% and 46.40%, respectively. The ratio of the component criteria for evaluating sarcopenia according to AWGS 2019: a decrease in muscle mass by 55.65%, a decrease in muscle strength by 61.82%, and a decrease in physical activity by 17.98%. Older adults with sarcopenia were 1.77 times more likely to develop adverse outcomes (death, hospitalization, falls) than older adults without sarcopenia (p<0.001; 95% CI: 1.31-2.39). At the same time, reducing physical activity through the 6m walking test was associated with the risk of adverse outcomes in the elderly (RR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.02-1.92, p=0.036), decreased muscle mass (measured by BIA method), was also associated with adverse outcomes in the elderly (RR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.31-2.43, p<0.001). Conclusion: Sarcopenia is associated with a higher risk of adverse health outcomes (death, hospitalization, falls) in older adults living in the community, while decreased physical activity (walking tets 6m < 1m/s), reduced muscle mass (measured by BIA method) is also associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes.