Gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnancy women monitoring at 108 Military Central Hospital: Prevalence, risk factors and pregnancy outcomes

Abstract

Objective: To assess the prevalence, risk factors, and pregnancy outcomes of women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Subject and method: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The cohort included 430 pregnant women who visited 108 Military Central Hospital between May 2020 and August 2020. A 75-g 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was conducted for each participant at 24 - 28 gestational weeks. Result: The mean age of participants was 28.5 ± 4.2 years; (range 19 - 44 years). The incidence of gestational diabetes in our study was 29.5% based on 2019 ADA criteria. Women diagnosed with GDM tended to be older and have greater body mass index (BMI) with p<0.001.  We also found that some risk factors such as gravidity, previous preterm birth were associated with GDM, p=0.002 and 0.031, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of GDM in our study is quite high compared to other studies. Advanced maternal age and higher BMI were associated with increased prevalence of GDM. Thus, early prevention and management of GDM is vital to minimize the risks to both the mother and fetus.